【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforMeasurementofRemainingPrimaryAntioxidantContentInIn-ServiceIndustrialLubricatingOilsbyLinearSweepVoltammetry
【原文标准名称】:用线性扫描伏安法测量使用中工业润滑油残留原始抗氧化剂含量的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD7590-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.09.0C
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:苯基萘胺α;烷基化物二苯胺;透平油;线性扫描伏安法(LSV);阻碍石碳酸抗氧化剂;芳族胺抗氧化剂;锌二烃基二硫代磷酸盐
【英文主题词】:2,6-di-tert-butylphenol;2,6-di-tert-butyl-4methylphenol;phenylalphanaphthylamine;alkylateddiphenylamine;turbineoil;linearsweepvoltammetry(LSV);hinderedphenolantioxidant;aromaticamine
【摘要】:Thequantitativedeterminationofremainingantioxidantsforin-serviceindustrialoilsbymeasuringtheamountoftheseadditivesthathavebeenaddedtotheoilasprotectionagainstoxidation.Industriallubricants,suchasturbineoils,compressoroils,gearoils,hydraulicoils,bearinglubricantsandgreasescanbeformulatedwithawidevarietyofantioxidantstypessuchasphenolsandamines(asprimaryantioxidants),whichareworkingsynergisticallyandthereforeallimportanttobemonitoredindividually.Forin-serviceoils,theLSVdeterminesandcomparestheamountoforiginalprimaryantioxidantsremainingafteroxidationhavereduceditsinitialconcentration.Thisguidecoversproceduresforprimaryantioxidantssuchasaminesandphenols,asdescribedbyTestMethodD6971andD6810.LSVisnotdesignedorintendedtodetectalloftheantioxidantintermediatesformedduringthethermalandoxidativestressingoftheoils,whicharerecognizedashavingsomecontributiontotheremainingusefullifeoftheusedorin-serviceoil.Inordertomeasuretheoverallstabilityofanoil(includingcontributionofintermediatespresent),andbeforemakingfinaljudgmentontheremainingusefullifeoftheusedoil(whichmightresultinthereplacementoftheoilreservoir),itisadvisedtoperformadditionalanalyticaltechniques(inaccordancewithPracticeD4378andPracticeD6224).Thisguideisapplicabletoawiderangeofindustrialoils,bothmineralorsyntheticbased,whichcancontainrustandoxidationinhibitors,antiwearadditivessuchaszincdialkyldithiophosphatesongearoils,circulatingoils,transmissionoilsandotherindustriallubricatingoils.Thetestisalsosuitableformanufacturingcontrolandspecificationacceptance.Whenavoltammetricanalysisisobtainedforaindustriallubricantinhibitedwithatleastonetypeofantioxidant,thereisanincreaseinthecurrentoftheproducedvoltammogrambetween5to8s(or0.5to0.8Vappliedvoltage)(seeNote1)forthezincdialkyldithiophosphatetypeofantioxidant(Fig.1),anincreaseinthecurrentoftheproducedvoltammogrambetween8to12s(or0.8to1.2Vappliedvoltage)(Fig.2)(seeNote1)forthearomaticamines,andincreaseinthecurrentoftheproducedvoltammogrambetween13and16s(or1.3to1.6Vappliedvoltage)(seeNote1)forthehinderedphenolsorcarbamatesintheneutralacetonesolution(Fig.2:x-axis1s=0.1V),orboth.Hinderedphenolantioxidantsdetectedbyvoltammetricanalysisinclude,butarenotlimitedto,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol;2,6-di-tert-butylphenoland4,4x2019;-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).Aromaticamineantioxidantsdetectedbyvoltammetricanalysisinclude,butarenotlimitedto,phenylalphanaphthylamines,andalkylateddiphenylamines.Note18212;Voltageslistedwithrespecttoreferenceelectrode.ThevoltammogramsshowninFigs.1-6wereobtainedwithaplatinumreferenceelectrodeandavoltagescanrateof0.1V/s.Forindustriallubricantscontainingzincdialkyldithiophosphatetypeofantioxidants,thereisanincreaseinthecurrentoftheproducedvoltammogrambetween5to8s(or0.5to0.8Vappliedvoltage)(seeNote1)byusingtheneutralacetonetestsolution(seeFig.1).ThereisnocorrespondingASTMInternationalstandarddescribingthetestmethodpr........
【中国标准分类号】:E34
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Ophthalmicinstruments-Ophthalmometers
【原文标准名称】:眼科仪器.检眼仪
【标准号】:ISO10343-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2009-07
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC172
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:随附表格;定义;测定;尺寸规格;眼睛检查;作标记;医疗设备;眼科设备;眼科光学;眼科试验设备;眼科学;眼膜曲率计;光学设备;光学仪器;光学测量;光学试验;光学;曲率半径;折射指数;规范(验收);试验
【英文主题词】:Accompanyingforms;Definitions;Determination;Dimensions;Eyeexamination;Marking;Medicalequipment;Ophthalmicequipment;Ophthalmicoptics;Ophthalmictestequipment;Ophthalmology;Ophthalmometers;Opticalequipment;Opticalinstruments;Opticalmeasurement;Opticaltests;Optics;Radiiofcurvature;Refractiveindex;Specification(approval);Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C32
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_70
【页数】:7P;A4
【正文语种】:英语